Vula Ukunemba: Umhlahlandlela Wakho Wezinga Lokungena kuma-Lasers kanye Nobuchwepheshe Bezinga Le-Laser

Ukuzulazula emhlabeni wamathuluzi anembayo kungase kube nzima, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa kubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile njengama-lasers. Lesi sihloko sisebenza njengomhlahlandlela wakho wezinga lokungena wokuqonda ama-lasers kanye, ikakhulukazi, namazinga we-laser. Sizoqeda amandla isayensi engemuva kwalawa mathuluzi futhi sihlole izinhlelo zawo ezisebenzayo, senze lobu buchwepheshe obubalulekile bufinyeleleke kuwo wonke umuntu kusukela kwabathanda i-DIY kuya kochwepheshe abanolwazi. Ngokuqonda okuyisisekelo, uzokwazisa ukunemba nokusebenza kahle okulethwa amaleveli e-laser emisebenzini ebanzi.

Iyini Kahle I-Laser, Futhi Isebenza Kanjani I-Laser Technology?

Empeleni, alaseriyithuluzi elikhipha ukukhanya ngenqubo yokukhulisa ukukhanya okusekelwe ekukhishweni okukhuthazwa kwemisebe kazibuthe. Kucabange njengokukhanya okugxile kakhulu nokugxilile. Lokhu akukhona ukukhanya kwakho kwesibani esivamile;ubuchwepheshe be-laserihlanganisa izimiso ze-quantum mechanics ukukhiqiza ukukhanya okunezici ezicacile kakhulu. Lokhu kukhanya ku-monochromatic, okusho ukuthi kunobude beza obubodwa noma umbala, futhi kuyahambisana, okusho ukuthi amaza okukhanya ahamba ngezigaba. Lokhu kuhambisana yikho okunikeza augongolo laserikhono layo lokuhamba amabanga amade ngaphandle kokusabalala ngokuphawulekayo, okulenza libe usizo ngendlela emangalisayo ezilinganisweni ezinembile nokuqondanisa.

Umlingo ngemuva kwe-alaserkwenzeka ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuthola, okungaba okuqinile, uketshezi, noma igesi. Amandla ampontshelwa kulokhu okuphakathi, ama-athomu ajabulisayo aye ezingeni eliphezulu lamandla. Lapho la ma-athomu ajabulile ebuyela esimweni sawo esiphansi samandla, akhulula ama-photon, izinhlayiya zokukhanya. Ngokudabukisayo, lawa ma-photon ashukumisa amanye ama-athomu ajabulile ukuthi akhiphe ama-photon obude obufanayo beza nesigaba. Lo mphumela we-cascading, owaziwa ngokuthi i-amplification, uqinisa ukukhanya. Izibuko kunoma yikuphi ekupheleni kwendlela yokuthola zenza i-optical resonator, zibhampa ukukhanya emuva naphambili, ziqhubeke zikukhulisa kuze kube namandla.ugongolo laserkukhishwa.

Yiziphi Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Ze-Optics Ezenza I-Lasers ne-Laser Kwenzeka?

Inkambu yeoptics, ukufundwa kokuziphatha okukhanyayo nezakhiwo, kuyisisekelo ebukhoneni nasekusebenzeni kweama-laser nama-laserizinhlelo. Imiqondo eminingana eyinhloko yei-physics kanye ne-opticsngena ukudlala. I-reflection, i-refraction, kanye ne-diffraction ichaza indlela ukukhanya okuhlangana ngayo nezinto ezihlukene nezindawo, okubalulekile ekudizayineni izibuko namalensi ngaphakathi kwelaser. Imvelo yegagasi yokukhanya, ikakhulukazi imiqondo yokuphazamiseka nokuhambisana, ichaza ukuthi kunganilaserukukhanya kuhluke kakhulu futhi kungagxilwa ku-beam eqinile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imigomo ye-quantum mechanics ibalulekileukuqonda lasers. Umqondo wamazinga wamandla ngaphakathi kwama-athomu uchaza ukuthi ukukhanya kumuncwa futhi kukhishwa kanjani. Ukukhishwa okukhuthazwayo, inqubo ewumongo kulaser, isenzakalo se-quantum mechanical lapho i-photon engenayo ingacupha i-athomu ejabule ukuze ikhiphe enye i-photon efana neyokuqala. Ukuqonda leziopticsIzimiso zibalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi kanjani alaserifinyelela izici zayo ezihlukile nokuthi lezo zakhiwo zisetshenziswa kanjani ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nokusebenziseka ngendlela emangalisayoizinga le-laser.

Ukungena Kusayensi: Ukuqonda Ama-Lasers kanye Nezakhiwo Zawo Eziyingqayizivele

Ukubamba ngempela amandla alaser, kubalulekile ukujula ngesayensi ngemuvaukuqonda lasers. Imvelo ye-monochromatic yelaserukukhanya, umbala wawo owodwa, omsulwa, kuwumphumela oqondile woshintsho oluthile lwamandla ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuthola. Lokhu kuhluke kakhulu nokukhanya okumhlophe, okuyingxube yamaza amaza ahlukene. Ukuhambisana kwelaserukukhanya, lapho wonke amaza okukhanya ehamba khona esinyathelweni esiphelele, yikho okuvumela ukudalwa kokugxilisa ingqondo ngokuqinileugongolo laser. Lokhu kuhambisana kwenzaama-laser nama-laseramazinga okukhiqiza imigqa ecacile necacile noma amachashazi ebangeni elibalulekile.

Cabangela umqondo wokukhulisa futhi. I-resonator optical, eyakhiwe izibuko, isebenza njengekamelo le-echo lokukhanya. Amafoto abhampa aye emuva naphambili, akhuthaze ukuphuma okwengeziwe futhi akhe ukuqina kweugongolo laser. Lokhuukukhuliswainqubo yiyona evumela ngisho namadivayisi amancane afanaama-laser e-diodeukukhiqiza ugongolo olubonakalayo noluwusizo. Idizayini ethile ye-optical resonator kanye nokukhetha kokuphakathi kwenzuzo kunquma ubude begagasi, amandla, nezinye izici ze-ekhishiwe.laser. Lokhu kuhlanganisa okuyinkimbinkimbi kweopticsfuthi i-quantum mechanics yiyona eyenza ilaserukusungulwa okumangalisayo okunjalo.

Yiziphi Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Ze-Laser Ezitholakalayo, Ukusuka Kwesisekelo Kuya Kwethuthukile?

Umhlaba weizinhlobo ze-laserinkulu futhi ihlukahlukene, ngohlobo ngalunye lwenzelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Ekugcineni okulula, unayoama-laser e-diodenomai-semiconductor lasers, ihlangene futhi iyasebenza, ivamise ukutholakala kuzikena zebhakhodi, izikhombi ze-laser, futhi, okubalulekile,amazinga laser. Lezilaser diodeamadivaysi ashibhile futhi kulula ukuwenza. Ukukhuphuka ngobunkimbinkimbi kukhona ama-laser wegesi, njengei-carbon dioxideama-lasers, anamandla futhi asetshenziswa ekusikeni izimboni kanye nokushisela.Ama-laser we-excimer, kusetshenziswa amagesi angavamile, abalulekile ezinkambisweni zezokwelapha ezifana nokuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwe-LASIK.

Isimo esiqinileama-laser, afana ne-neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers, aziwa ngamandla awo aphezulu futhi asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene zezimboni nezesayensi.I-Fiber lasers, intuthuko yakamuva, inikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nekhwalithi ye-boam, okuyenza ilungele ukusika, ukushisela, nokumaka. Kukhona futhiama-laser asebenzayo, engakhipha ukukhanya phezu kobubanzi bamaza, abalulekilei-spectroscopykanye nocwaningo lwesayensi. Ukuqonda lezi ezahlukeneizinhlobo laserkusiza ukwazisa anhlobonhlobo izicelo ukuthiubuchwepheshe be-laserkwenza.

Ngokuqondile, Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zezinga Le-Laser, Futhi Zihluke Kanjani?

Uma kukhulunywa ngezinhlelo ezisebenzayo zokwakha, i-DIY, kanye nokuhlola,izinga laser izinhlobozingamathuluzi abalulekile. Lawa madivayisi akhiqiza augongolo laser, ngokuvamileobomvu noma oluhlaza, ukuze udale umugqa wereferensi oqondile ovundlile noma oqondile. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa amalaser omugqa, ama-laser ajikelezayo, namalaser amachashazi. Amalaser alayiniiphrojekthi umugqa owodwa noma eminingi engashintshiezindaweni, okuzenza zilungele imisebenzi efana nezithombe ezilengayo, ukufaka amashalofu, noma ukuqondanisa amathayela. Lezi zingaphrojethaumugqa owodwa noma eminingi engashintshikanyekanye ukuze kukhule ukusebenza kahle.

Izinga le-laser elijikelezayoamayunithi akhiqiza i-360-degreeugongolo laser, ukudala indiza esezingeni elizungeze idivayisi. Lokhu kuwusizo ngendlela emangalisayo ezizindeni ezinkulu zokwakha, amaphrojekthi okulungisa umhlaba, kanye nokubeka izisekelo. Ama-laser amachashaza akhiqiza ichashazi elilodwa noma amachashazi amaningi, avame ukusetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amaphuzu, amapayipi, nomsebenzi kagesi. Ukukhetha kweizinga laser izinhlobokuncike emsebenzini othize kanye nezinga elidingekayo lokunemba nokuhlanganisa. Abaningiamazinga laser ahlanganisaimisebenzi ehlukene, enikeza yomibili imigqa namachashazi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuguquguquka. Umbala welaser, ngokuvamileobomvu noma oluhlaza, futhi udlala indima, ngeama-laser aluhlazangokuvamile kubonakala kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezikhanyayo.

Ulisebenzisa Kanjani Ileveli Ye-Laser Yezinhlelo Ezihlukahlukene?

Ukwazi ukwenza kanjanisebenzisa izinga le-laserngendlela efanele kubalulekile ekuzuzeni imiphumela enembayo. Isimiso esiyisisekelo sibandakanya ukubeka indawoizinga le-laserendaweni ezinzile noma ai-tripodnokuyivumela ukuthi ikwazi ukuziphakamisa. Iningi lesimanjeizinga le-laseramadivayisi anomshini wokuzilinganisa oqinisekisa ukuthi ulayini ohlongozwayo noma indiza ivundlile noma iqonde ngokuphelele. Ukuze uthole ama-laser, mane ubeke idivayisi kanye ne-ugongolo laserizophrojekthaimigqa engaguquki noma amachashazi ahambisanaindawo oyifunayo. Ngobaama-lasers ajikelezayo, qinisekisa ukuthi iyunithi igxunyekwe ngokuphephile, futhi insimbi ezungezayo izodala indiza enezinga elingatholwa ngeumtshina, ikakhulukazi ngobaukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle.

Niniusebenzisa amazinga laser ngaphandlenoma ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okukhanyayo, aumtshina we-laserngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukubonaugongolo laserngokucacile. Iumtshinaikhipha isignali ezwakalayo noma ebonakalayo lapho inqamula i-laserumugqa noma indiza. Qinisekisa njaloizinga le-laserilinganiselwe futhi isebenza kahle ukuze ithole izilinganiso ezinembile. Ngemisebenzi edinga ukuqondanisa okuqondile, eminyeamazinga laseringazungeziswa ukuze iphrojekthi umugqa oqondile. Ukuqonda izici ezithile nemisebenzi yakhoizinga le-laserimodeli iwukhiye wokuyisebenzisa ngokuphumelelayo ezinhlobonhlobo zokulinganisa kanyeqondanisaimisebenzi.Ukusebenzisa i-tripodingathuthukisa kakhulu ukuzinza nokunemba, ikakhulukazi emabangeni amade.

Ukucutshungulwa Kwemininingwane Yengcweti: Uthini UJeff Hecht, Isazi Samehlo Esidumile, Uthini Ngama-Lasers?

Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okujulile kwama-lasers, ukubonisana nomsebenzi wochwepheshe abafanaUJeff Hechtuyigugu.UJeff Hecht, igunya elihlonishwayo emkhakheni weopticskanye aumhleli onikelayokuI-Laser Focus World, ubhale izincwadi ezimbalwa ezihlinzeka ngemininingwane ebanzi yomlando nobuchwepheshe bama-lasers. Incwadi yakhe, "Understanding Lasers: AnUmhlahlandlela Wezinga Lokungena," manje sekukhonauhlelo lwesine, inikeza iumhlahlandlela nesingeniso esibalulekileesihlokweni. Lokhuuhlelo lwesine olunwetshiwekuhlanganisaizingxenye ezintsha ku-laserizicelo kanye nentuthuko.

UJeff HechtUbuchwepheshe buhlinzeka ngombono obalulekile mayelana nokuvela kweubuchwepheshe be-laserkanye nomthelela wayo ezimbonini ezahlukene. Njengoumhleli onikela ekugxilweni kwe-laserfuthi ngaphambiliumhleli we-laser focus world, ukubhala kwakhe kuvala igebe phakathi kwemiqondo eyinkimbinkimbi yesayensi nezincazelo ezifinyelelekayo. Umsebenzi wakhe uvame ukucashunwa encwadiniI-spectrum ye-IEEE, eqokomisa igalelo lakhe elibalulekile ensimini. Imibono yakhe ibalulekile kunoma ubani ofuna okupheleleukuqonda lokho laserikhona nokuthi isebenza kanjani. Incwadi yakhe isebenza njengekubalulekile ekuqondeni ama-lasersfuthi ichaza izimiso ezibalulekile ngendlela ecacile nehehayo. Yenaichaza ukuthi ama-laser asebenza kanjanikanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo okuhlukahlukene, kusukela kwezokuxhumana ngocingo kuye kwezokwelapha.

Ngale Kwezisekelo: Ukuhlola Izicelo Ezihlukahlukene Zokusebenzisa Amazinga e-Laser

Nakuba ngokuyinhloko yaziwa ngamaphrojekthi wokwakha kanye ne-DIY, izicelo zeusebenzisa amazinga laserzidlulele ngale kwalezi zindawo. Ekwenzeni umhlabathi, zisetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuhlelwa kahle nokugeleza kwamanzi. Abaklami bangaphakathi bawasebenzisela ukulenga umsebenzi wobuciko futhi bakhe izakhiwo ezibukeka kahle. Ngisho ocwaningweni lwesayensi, ukunemba ukuqondanisa neamazinga laserkubalulekile ekusetheni izivivinyo. Ikhono lokwenza umugqa wereferensi onemba futhi ongaguquguquki uwenza abe yigugu kunoma yisiphi isimo esidinga ukuqondanisa okunembile.

Isibonelo, ukufaka ama-dropceilings kuba lula kakhulu nge-izinga le-laser, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi igridi isezingeni eliphelele kulo lonke igumbi. Lapho wakha amadekhi noma uthango,amazinga laserisiqinisekiso sokuthi okuthunyelwe kuqondile futhi ekuphakameni okufanele. Ukusebenza kahle nokunemba okunikezwa nguamazinga laseryonga isikhathi futhi unciphise amaphutha, okuwenza abe ukutshalwa kwezimali okuzuzisayo kubo bobabili ochwepheshe nabathanda ukuzilibazisa. Ukuhlukahluka kweukusetshenziswa laser amazingaikhula njalo njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, okuholela ezinhlelweni ezintsha nezintsha.

Ukuqhathanisa Nokuqhathanisa: I-Rotary Laser Level Versus Ezinye Izinhlobo

Lapho ukhetha aizinga le-laser, ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo kubalulekile. Iizinga le-laser elijikelezayo, ngohlaka lwayo lwe-360-degree, inikeza inzuzo enkulu yemisebenzi edinga ukuleveliswa endaweni enkulu. Ngokungafani namalaser olayini akhiqiza imigqa engashintshi, ai-laser ejikelezayoidala indiza enezinga eliphelele, iyenze ilungele imisebenzi efana nokusetha izisekelo, ukugreda umhlaba, noma ukufaka osilingi abamisiwe ezindaweni ezinkulu. Nokho,ama-lasers ajikelezayongokuvamile zibiza kakhulu futhi zingadinga aumtshinaokweukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amalaser alayini aminyene kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile ayabiza kancane, awenza afanelekele imisebenzi yasendlini namaphrojekthi amancane. Kulula ukuzisethela imisebenzi elula yokulinganisa nokuqondanisa. Ama-laser amachashazi akhethekile okudlulisa amaphuzu nokudala imigqa yokumisa amanzi, enikeza i-niche ehlukile kunamakhono okulinganisa abanzi omugqa kanyeama-lasers ajikelezayo. Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-aizinga le-laser elijikelezayonezinye izinhlobo zincike kakhulu esikalini kanye nemvelo yamaphrojekthi owenzayo.

Amathiphu Awusizo Namasu Okusebenzisa Amazinga E-Laser Ngokuphumelelayo

Ukuze ukwandise ukusebenza kahle kwakhoizinga le-laser, cabangela lawa macebiso namasu awusizo. Njalo sebenzisa isisekelo esizinzile, njengesiqinilei-tripod, ikakhulukazi ngobaama-lasers ajikelezayokanye namabanga amade. Linganisa eyakhoizinga le-lasernjalo ukuqinisekisa ukunemba. Ngobaukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, sebenzisa njalo aumtshina we-laserukwenza ugongolo lubonakale. Qonda ukulinganiselwa kwakho okuqondileizinga le-laserimodeli, okuhlanganisa ububanzi bayo nokunemba.

Uma usebenza ezindaweni ezingalingani, sebenzisa isici sokuzilinganisa kodwa qaphela ububanzi baso obukhulu bokutsheka. Gwema ukubekaizinga le-laserezindaweni ezinokudlidliza noma imimoya enamandla, njengoba lokhu kungathinta ukunemba komugqa ohlongozwayo. Gcina eyakhoizinga le-laseresimweni sayo sokuzivikela lapho ingasetshenziswa ukuvimbela umonakalo. Zijwayeze nebhukwana lomsebenzisi ukuze uqonde zonke izici nemisebenzi yocingo lwakho. Ngokulandela lezi ziqondiso ezilula, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi zinembile futhi zisebenza kahleusebenzisa amazinga laserkuwo wonke amaphrojekthi akho.

Okubalulekile Okuthathwayo:

• A laserikhiqiza ukukhanya okugxilile, okuhambisanayo ngokusebenzisa i-optical amplification.
• Ubuchwepheshe be-Laseryethembele ezimisweni zeopticskanye ne-quantum mechanics.
• Okuhlukileizinhlobo laserzikhona, ngayinye inezakhiwo ezihlukile kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza.
• Amazinga e-Laserzingamathuluzi asebenzayo okulinganisa nokuqondanisa okunembile.
• Izinga le-laser elijikelezayonikeza ukumbozwa kwe-360-degree kumaphrojekthi amakhulu.
• Ukusetshenziswa nokugcinwa ngendlela efanele kuyisihluthulelo semiphumela ephumelelayo nenembile nge-izinga le-laser.
• Ongoti bayathandaUJeff Hechthlinzeka ngemininingwane ebalulekile emhlabeni wama-lasers.
• Amazinga e-Laserube nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene ngaphandle kokwakhiwa kanye ne-DIY.
• Ukukhetha okulungileuhlobo lwezinga le-laserkuncike emsebenzini othize.
• Ukusebenzisa izesekeli ezifana ne-ai-tripodfuthiumtshinaingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-aizinga le-laser.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngamathuluzi athile, bheka amakhasi ethu ezintweni ezihlukahlukeneI-Cordless Lithium Impact Wrenchkanye nokunembayoI-Laser Level SG-LL16-MX3. Ungase futhi ube nentshisekelo kokwethuI-Cordless Lithium Brushless Drill.